Mudiadau Dirwestol yng Ngheredigion
Temperance song
Rhagarweiniad
Bu sawl ymgyrch ar hyd a lled Prydain yn ystod y 19eg ganrif er mwyn lleihau nifer y lleoedd lle gellid prynu alcohol, neu’n syml er mwyn annog pobl i yfed llai. Roedd gan yr ymgyrchwyr nifer fawr o amcanion ond y prif rai oedd bod o fantais i iechyd corfforol ac ysbrydol pobl, a lleihau’r cyfleoedd i yfed cyn ac yn ystod oriau gwaith. Roedd y Ddeddf i wahardd gwerthiant Gwirodydd Meddwol ar y Sul yng Nghymru (1881) yn un o’r rhai mwyaf llwyddiannus o’r ymgyrchoedd hyn. Yng Nghaergybi y sefydlwyd y Gymdeithas Ddirwestol gyntaf yng Nghymru, a hynny ym 1832; erbyn 1835 roedd 25 Cymdeithas Ddirwestol yng Nghymru, gan gynnwys un yn Aberystwyth.Mae gwybodaeth a gasglwyd gan sefydliadau Dirwestol yn darparu rhai ystadegau defnyddiol. Mae’r adroddiad papur newydd hwn yn dangos faint o blwyfi yng Nghymru oedd heb dafarndy neu siop gwrw ym 1869.
The Lower House of the Convocation of the Province of Canterbury, in the appointment of a committee on intemperance has been the means of obtaining most reliable and important information; from which the committee has compiled a valuable and useful, appendix to their report, which by order of the house has been printed, and forms a most convenient book of reference. Appendix K.K. reveals the fact that there are in Wales 153 parishes, townships, and hamlets, without either public house or beer shop; classified as follows:
The above excludes twenty-four places of which no reliable population return could be obtained; therefore our prohibitory population considerably exceeds the totals given.
Wrexham and Denbighshire Advertiser and Cheshire Shropshire and North Wales Register, 25th September 1869
The Lower House of the Convocation of the Province of Canterbury, in the appointment of a committee on intemperance has been the means of obtaining most reliable and important information; from which the committee has compiled a valuable and useful, appendix to their report, which by order of the house has been printed, and forms a most convenient book of reference. Appendix K.K. reveals the fact that there are in Wales 153 parishes, townships, and hamlets, without either public house or beer shop; classified as follows:
| Counties. | No. of Parishes. | Population |
| Anglesea | 31 | 7,042 |
| Caernarfon | 15 | 3928 |
| Denbigh | 1 | 107 |
| Merioneth | 15 | 4,495 |
| Montgomery | 6 | 2,304 |
| Cardigan | 14 | 4,821 |
| Glamorgan | 13 | 1,672 |
| Pembroke | 34 | 5,448 |
| TOTALS | 129 | 29,817 |
Wrexham and Denbighshire Advertiser and Cheshire Shropshire and North Wales Register, 25th September 1869
Amcangyfrifwyd erbyn 1900 fod un o bob 10 o boblogaeth oedolion Prydain yn llwyrymwrthodwyr.
Roedd y Methodistiaid Calfinaidd yn llwyrymwrthodwyr ac yn oddeutu 1841, dechreuodd 28 capel yng Ngheredigion ddefnyddio gwin heb eplesu mewn gwasanaethau cymun.
The British Temperance Advocate and Journal, cyf. 3, rhif 11, 15 Tach. 1841, tud. 127
dyfynnwyd yn: Lambert, W.R., Drink and Sobriety in Victorian Wales, c.1820-c.1895 (1983), tud. 123, ac i weld mwy: Merthyr Express, 20 Gorffennaf, 1881; 13 Awst, 1881.
The British Temperance Advocate and Journal, cyf. 3, rhif 11, 15 Tach. 1841, tud. 127
dyfynnwyd yn: Lambert, W.R., Drink and Sobriety in Victorian Wales, c.1820-c.1895 (1983), tud. 123, ac i weld mwy: Merthyr Express, 20 Gorffennaf, 1881; 13 Awst, 1881.
Roedd y Mudiadau Dirwestol yn llwyddiannus yn eu hymgyrchoedd i leihau nifer y safleoedd trwyddedig yn y sir. Er enghraifft, gofynnodd Cyngor Tref Aberystwyth fod Pwyllgor Trwyddedu’r Sir yn gwrthod ceisiadau i werthu diodydd meddwol ar Graig Lais a Chaeau Bryndolau oherwydd y casineb fyddai diod gref yn esgor arno ac na fyddai hyn er lles i’r dref. (Cofnodion Cyngor Tref Aberystwyth, 16.10.1894, Archifdy Ceredigion)
Ym 1877, mynegodd papur newydd lleol bryder am ymddygiad pobl ifanc yn Aberystwyth:
NOVEMBER HIRING FAIRS. THE toleration manifested towards ancient customs of doubtful morality is well illustrated in some parts of Wales by the popularity of hiring fairs. … Next Monday, the first Monday after the 12th of November, the streets of Aberystwyth will be crowded with youths of both sexes whose term of service for the year has expired. There will be a good deal of drinking, especially if the weather, as is not improbable, happens to be cold and wet. Girls, more unconscious than innocent of wrong, will be dragged about the streets in ways that would make them blush for shame if shame had ever been kindled in them. … Just as the farmer's wife, who would not enter a beer shop at any other time, will sit and drink in a tavern on market day, so servant girls, who are never inside a public house all through the rest of the year, will on the day of the hiring fair enter them and take drink that robs them of self-control, and in many instances is the first step towards lifelong sorrow and disgrace.
16 Tachwedd 1877
NOVEMBER HIRING FAIRS. THE toleration manifested towards ancient customs of doubtful morality is well illustrated in some parts of Wales by the popularity of hiring fairs. … Next Monday, the first Monday after the 12th of November, the streets of Aberystwyth will be crowded with youths of both sexes whose term of service for the year has expired. There will be a good deal of drinking, especially if the weather, as is not improbable, happens to be cold and wet. Girls, more unconscious than innocent of wrong, will be dragged about the streets in ways that would make them blush for shame if shame had ever been kindled in them. … Just as the farmer's wife, who would not enter a beer shop at any other time, will sit and drink in a tavern on market day, so servant girls, who are never inside a public house all through the rest of the year, will on the day of the hiring fair enter them and take drink that robs them of self-control, and in many instances is the first step towards lifelong sorrow and disgrace.
16 Tachwedd 1877
TAFARNDAI A DIRWEST.
PUBLIC HOUSES AND TEMPERANCE.
At the annual licensing sessions for the borough of Aberystwyth, held in that dirty, draughty, unsuitable place which should be called the Town Hole, a good deal was said about the need for decreasing the number of licensed houses in the borough, the presumption being, whether justifiable or not, that the fewer public houses there are the greater will be the measure of temperance. …
Cambrian News and Merionethshire Standard, 20.2.1914, Leader
PUBLIC HOUSES AND TEMPERANCE.
At the annual licensing sessions for the borough of Aberystwyth, held in that dirty, draughty, unsuitable place which should be called the Town Hole, a good deal was said about the need for decreasing the number of licensed houses in the borough, the presumption being, whether justifiable or not, that the fewer public houses there are the greater will be the measure of temperance. …
Cambrian News and Merionethshire Standard, 20.2.1914, Leader
Mudiadau Dirwestol yng Ngheredigion
Mae miloedd o gyfeiriadau at weithgareddau Dirwestol mewn papurau newydd lleol o’r 1860au ymlaen.
BAND OF HOPE
Anogwyd plant ac eraill i gymryd adduned yn erbyn yfed alcohol gan sefydliadau fel y Band of Hope. Magwyd y Parchedig John Williams (a aned ym 1826) fel Methodist Calfinaidd gan ei dad, John, dilledydd yn Stryd y Bont, a’i fam Mary, merch yr harbwrfeistr. Mynychodd John Williams Arddangosfa Fawr 1851, lle daeth ar draws y Band of Hope. Dychwelodd i Aberystwyth a sefydlodd grŵp yno ym 1852. Bu iddynt gyfarfod yng Nghapel y Tabernacl a gorymdeithio o gwmpas Cloc y Dref lle gosododd ffynnon dŵr yfed.
(Hanes ffurfio’r Band of Hope a phoster ar gyfer arddangosiad Dirwestol 10.11.1897; Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru MS 2813C (llyfr nodiadau hanes lleol David Samuel, 'Origin and Early History of the Band of Hope in Aberystwyth (1897), a ysgrifennwyd ar 9.11.1897 yn y Gymraeg a’r Saesneg).
Gwnaeth CYMDEITHAS YR YSGOL SUL apêl, ym mis Ebrill 1915 i aelodau ymwrthod rhag yfed alcohol yn ystod y rhyfel.
(Record books, Unitarians Congregation, Y Stryd Newydd, Aberystwyth, National Library of Wales Minor Deposits 1304A, tud. 164)
CYMDEITHAS DDIRWESTOL GOGLEDD SIR ABERTEIFI
19 Mehefin 1903
CYMDEITHAS DDIRWESTOL ABERYSTWYTH
Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru ms 8322-8325 (1835-1856) (gyda lluniau)
CYMDEITHAS DDIRWESTOL MERCHED PRYDAIN
Roedd cangen Aberystwyth Cymdeithas Ddirwestol Merched Prydain yn annog yn achos prydlesu fflatiau Plas Crug, y dylid rhagamodi na fydd unrhyw ddiodydd meddwol yn cael eu gwerthu ar y safle. Yn ogystal, roedden nhw o blaid cyfyngu’r gwerthiant alcohol ar ddydd Sul ac wrth i’r ymgyrch o blaid gwahardd yn llwyr gynyddu, daethon nhw o dan bwysau i gyfyngu ar werthiant alcohol ar eu heiddo. Cofnodion Cyngor Tref Aberystwyth. 19.6.1894
UNDEB LLWYRYMWRTHODIAD CENEDLAETHOL MERCHED PRYDAIN, CANGEN ABERYSTWYTH
1900-55 : cofnodion. Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru, Adroddiad blynyddol 1968-69, tud. 47, 1970-71 tud. 57
CYMDEITHAS DDIRWESTOL ABERYSTWYTH
Ffurfiwyd ym 1835. Gellir dod o hyd i lyfr cofnodion, rhestr o danysgrifwyr, rheolau a cherdyn aelodaeth yn Llyfrgell Genedlaethol Cymru MS 8323B.
https://www.llgc.org.uk/discover/digital-gallery/manuscripts/modern-period/temperance/
CYMDEITHAS LLWYRYMWRTHODIAD ABERYSTWYTH
URDD ANNIBYNNOL Y TEMLWYR DA
Cymdeithas ddirwestol sy’n agored i ddynion a menywod.
Yn ôl eu rhaglen (rhif 1, Chwefror, 1885), cyfarfu Cangen Aberystwyth y Temlwyr Da bob wythnos yn Ystafell y Temlwyr Da dros y Farchnad Ŷd, Stryd y Farchnad. Cyfarfu’r Grŵp Saesneg (Star Lodge, rhif 48) ar nos Fercher a’r grŵp Cymraeg ei iaith (Ystwyth, rhif 196) ar nos Wener. Cyfarfu’r Olive Plant Juvenile Lodge (Saesneg) ar nos Fercher am 6pm a chyfarfu’r Gyfrinfa Ieuenctid Cymraeg am 6.30 ar yr un noson. (Amgueddfa Ceredigion, 1976.31.116)
URDD ANNIBYNNOL Y RACHUBIAID
Arwyddair : Gwir a dirwest, Cariad a Phurdeb. Heddwch a Digonedd, Gwobr Dirwest. Sefydlwyd ym 1835?
UNDEB DDIRWESTOL MERCHED DE CYMRU – ffurfiwyd ym 1901. Un o’r aelodau a’i sefydlodd oedd Sarah Jane Rees (Cranogwen, 1839-1916) a aned yn Llangrannog.
CYMDEITHAS DDIRWESTOL GLANNAU CERI
Roedd y sefydliad hwn ynghlwm â chau’r Gwernant Arms, Rhydlewis.
